14,000 ton of cheefe yearly. It is 182 miles in circumference, contains about 720,000 acres, feventy-one parishes, thirteen market-towns, and 24,054 houfes. Nantwich, Middlewich and Norwich are famous for falt-pits; Macclesfield for buttons, and Congleton for gloves. Its chief feats are Cholmondley-Hall, the Earl of Cholmondley's; Durham Maffy, Earl of Warrington's; Rock-Savage, Earl of Barrymore's, Woody, Earl of Dyfart's; Combermere, Sir Robert Salisbury Cotton's; Eaton, Sir Robert Grofvenor's; Steney, Sir Charles Banbury's; Arley, Sir George Warburton's; Ashton, Mr. Harvey's; Oulton, Mr. Egerton's; Vale-Royal, Mr. Cholmondley's; Crew-Hall, Mr. Crew Ottley's; Lyme, Mr. Leigh's.

CHESHUNT, Hertfordshire, fifteen miles from London. Carrier, Vine, Bishopsgate-street, Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday. Bull, ditto, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Carrier, CatherineWheel, ditto, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

CHEST. A kind of measure containing an uncertain quantity of feveral commodities. A Cheft of fugar contains from ten to 1500 b. weight. A Cheft of glass, from 200 to 300 feet. Of Caftile-foap, from two and a half, to 300 weight. Of indigo, from one half, to 200 weight; five fcore to the hundred.

CHESTER, Cheshire, 182 miles from London. Markets Wednesdays and Saturdays. Fairs, June 24, July 25, September 29. Carrier, George, Alderfgate-street, Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Carrier, ditto, Monday and Thursday. Castle and Faulcon, ditto, Monday and Thurfday. Bloffom's-Inn, Lawrence-Lane, Monday and Thurfday. Ax-Inn, Aldermanbury, Tuesday.

CHESTERFIELD, Derbyshire, 116 miles from London. Mar. ket on Saturday. Fairs, February 28, May 4, July 8, September 14. Carrier, Caftle, Wood-ftreet, Monday and Friday.

CHICHESTER, Suffex, thirty-fix miles from London. Markets, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday. Fairs, Afh-Wednefday, August 3, Whitfun-Tuesday, St. James's-Day, and Michelmas-Day. Carrier, White-Hart, Southwark, Monday, Thurfday and Friday.

CHIGWELL, Effex. Carrier, Saracen's-Head, Aldgate, Monday, Thurfday and Saturday. Caravan, Talbot, White-chappel, Tuesday and Saturday.

CHILDS-COAT-MAKER. These are generally women who gain a good livelihood by this business; and have from five to twenty pounds with an apprentice. Fifty or fixty pounds will fet them up.

CHINA-SHOP In thefe fhops we meet with China, tea, coffee and chocolate, which they purchase in lots at the Eaft-India fales. They take from 40 to an 100 l. with an apprentice, and it requires a thousand pounds to carry on this traffic to advantage.

CHINNER, Oxfordfhire. Carrier, Bell, Warwick-Lane, Friday.

CHIOS XIO, or Scio, an ifland called by the Turks Saki Saduci, lies near the coaft Ionia, in the leffer Afia, about 100 miles Weft of Smyrna. The foil produces great plenty of excellent wines. It was from hence the antients had their Nectar. They have alfo oil and filk, oranges and lemons, and the best maftic, but very little corn.

CHIPPING-NORTON, Oxfordshire, feventy-fix miles from London. Carrier, Bear and Ragged-Staff, Smithfield, Thursday. Saracen's-Head, Snow Hill, Tuesdays and Saturdays. CrofsKeys, Wood-ftreet, Monday.

CHIPPING-ONGAR, Effex, twenty miles from London. Carrier, Red-Lion, without Bifhopfgate, Thursday.

CHOCOLATE-MAKER. He grinds Coca-nuts to powder upon a heated stone, and then makes it up in cakes. He will take an apprentice with eight or ten pounds; and he may fet up for 100 1. Their journeymen have from 12 to 15 fhillings a week, it being a laborious employment.

CHRIST-CHURCH, Hampshire, 103 miles from London. Market on Monday. Fair, Thurfday-fe'nnight, after Whitfun-day. Carrier, Rofe, Holborn-bridge, Thurfday.

It

CHRISTOPHERS ST. Weft long. 62. lat. 17, 39; one of the Caribee iflands to which Columbus gave his chriftian name. is about twenty miles long and feven broad, and has a high mountain in the middle, from whence fome rivulets run down. The produce of it is chiefly fugar, cotton, ginger and indigo, with the tropical fruits. It lies near the North-west point of Nevis, about fixty miles Weft of Antego.

CINQUE-PORTS, Quinque-ports, five havens that lie on the eaft part of England, towards France; thus called, by way of eminence, on account of their fuperior importance; as having been thought by our kings to merit a particular regard, for their prefervation against invasion.

Hence, they have a particular policy, and are governed by a keeper, with the title of Lord warden of the Cinque-ports.

They have various privileges granted them, as a particular jurifdiction; their warden having the authority of an admiral among them, and fending out writs in his own name.

Cambden tells us, that William the conqueror first appointed a warden of the Cinque-ports; but king John first granted them their privileges; and that upon condition they fhould provide eighty fhips at their own charge for forty days, as often as the king fhould have occafion in the wars: he being then ftraitned for a navy to recover Normandy.

The five ports are Hattings, Romney, Hythe, Dover, and Sandwich.-Thorn tells us, that Haftings provided twenty-one veffels; and in each-veffel twenty-one men. To this port belong Seaford, Pevenfey, Hadney, Winchelfey, Rye, Hamine, Wakefbour, Creneth, and Forthclipe.-Romney provided five fhips, and in each twenty-four men. To this belong Bromhal, Lydde, Ofwarftone, Dangemares, and Romenhal.-Hythe furnished five

ships,

fhips, and in each twenty-one feamen. To this belongs Weft. meath.-Dover the fame number as Haftings. To this belong Folkstone, Feverfham, and Margate.-Laftly, Sandwich furnished the fame with Hythe. To this belong Foridwic, Reculver, Serre, and Deal.

CIRENCESTER, Glocefterfhire, eighty-five miles from London. Markets, Monday and Friday. Fairs, the Weeks before PalmSunday and Bartholomew-Day, Eafter-Tuesday, July 7, October 28. Čarrier, Bell-Savage, Ludgate-Hill, Tuefday, Thursday and Saturday. Coach, Bell, Friday-ftreet, Monday, Wednefday and Thursday. King's-Head, Old-Change, Friday. Rofe, Holborn-bridge, Wednelday.

CHYMIST. These extract the virtues of various natural bodies; and are a very neceffary branch in the practice of phyfic. They are near allied to the apothecaries, compounding and felling their own medicines; and as they make the ingredients, and do not attend patients, they are able to underfell the apothecaries. From 20 to 100 l. is given with an apprentice, and it requires feveral hundred pounds to fet him up.

CLARE, Suffolk, fixty-one miles from London. Market on Friday. Fairs, April 7, July 26.

CLAPHAM, Surry. Coach, Crofs-Keys, Gracechurch-street, daily.

CLERGY. It fhall be adjudged felony without the benefit of Clergy, to destroy fhips to the prejudice of the owners.

Perfons burnt in the hand, for theft, or larceny, to be fent to the house of correction, for not lefs than fix months, nor above two years, perfons having the benefit of Clergy, not required to read, but to be punished as a clerk convict.

Perfons convicted of felony, larceny, &c. within the benefit of clergy, to be fent to the plantations for seven years instead of being burnt in the hand, &c.

The forging of deeds, bills, &c. or ftealing bonds, &c. for money. Stealing linen from whitening grounds, &c. ten fhillings value. Cutting down hop binds, Firing mines maliciously, felony and excluded clergy.

CLERK, is a title given to several officers in the royal palace, the courts of juftice, revenue, army, navy, &c.-The principal

of these are as follow:

CLERK of the Acts, is an officer of the navy, who receives and enters the commiffions and warrants of the lord admiral; and regifters the acts and ordinances of the commiffioners of the navy. CLERK of Affize, is he that writeth all things judiciously done. by the justice of affize, in their circuits.

CLERK of the Check, is an officer in the court fo called, becaufe he hath the check and controlment of the yeomen of the guard, and all other ordinary yeomen, or ufhers, belonging either to the king, queen, or prince: giving leave, or allowing their abfence, or defects in attendance; or diminishing their wages for the fame.

CLERK of the Closet, is a divine, otherwife called confeffor to his majefty; whofe office is to attend at the king's right hand during divine fervice, to refolve all doubts concerning fpiritual matters, to wait on the king in his private oratory, &c.

CLERK of the Crown, or Crown-Office, in the king's-bench court, an officer whose business is to read, frame, and record alt indictments against traytors, felons, and other offenders there arraigned upon any publick crime.

CLERK of the Crown in Chancery, is an officer, who by himfelf, or deputy, is continually to attend the lord chancellor, or lord keeper, for fpecial matters of state, by commiffion, or the like, either immediately from his majefty, or by order of his council; as well ordinary as extraordinary.-All general pardons upon grants of them at the king's coronation, or in parliament; the writs of parliament, with the names of the knights, citizens, and burgeffes, are alfo returned into his office: befides which, he has the making of fpecial pardons, and writs of execution upon bonds. of ftatute staple forfeited.

CLERK of the Deliveries, is an officer in the Tower, who takes indentures for all ftores iffued thence.

CLERK of the Enrollments of Fines and Recoveries, in the court of common-pleas, is an officer under the three elder judges of that court, and removeable at their pleasure.

CLERK of the Errors, in the court of common-pleas, transcribes and certifies into the king's-bench the tenor of the records of the cause or action, upon which the writ of error, made by the curfitor, is brought there to be determined.

CLERK of the Errors, in the king's-bench, tranfcribes and certifies the records of fuch causes in that court into the exchequer ; if the cause, or action, is by bill.

CLERK of the Errors, in the exchequer, tranfcribes the records certified thither out of the king's bench; and prepares them for judgment in the court of exchequer, to be given by the juftices of the common-pleas, and barons, there.

CLERK of the Effoins, in the court of common-pleas, keeps the effoin-roll, or enters effoins. He alfo provides parchment, cuts it into rolls, marks the number on them; delivers out all the rolls to every officer, and receives them again when written.

CLERK of the Eftreats, belongs to the exchequer; and every term receives the eftreats out of the lord treasurer's remembrancer's office, and writeth them out to be levied for the king. He alfo maketh fchedules of fuch fums eftreated as are to be dif charged.

CLERKS of the Green-cloth.

CLERK of the Hamper, or Hanaper, is an officer in chancery, whose business is to receive all money due to the king for the feals of charters, patents, commiffions, and writs: as alfo fees due to the officers for enrolling and examining the fame. He is obliged to attend on the lord chancellor, or ford keeper, daily in term time; and at all times of fealing,

CLERK of the Juries, or curata writs, is an officer belonging to the court of common-pleas, who makes out the writs called habeas corpus, and diftringas, for the appearance of juries, either in court, or at the affizes, after the pannel is returned upon the venire facias.

CLERK Comptroller of the king's houfe, an officer of the court, who has plate and feat in the compting-houfe; with authority to allow or difallow the charges and demands of purfuivants, and meffengers of the green-cloth, purveyors, &c. He has alfo the overfight of all defaults and mifcarriages of inferior officers; and fits in the compting-houfe with the fuperior officers, viz. the lord Reward, treasurer, comptroller, and cofferer, for the correcting and redreffing things out of order.

CLERK of the king's great Wardrobe, keeps an account, or inventory in writing of all things belonging to the king's wardrobe. CLERK of the king's filver, is an officer belonging to the common-pleas; to whom every fine is brought, after it has been with the cuftos brevium; and by whom the effect of the writ of covenant is entered into a paper-book; and according to that note, all the fines of that term are alfo recorded in the rolls of the court.

CLERK of the Market, is an officer of the king's house, whose duties is to take charge of the king's meafures, and to keep the ftandards of them, that is, examples of all the measures that ought to be used through the land.

CLERK Marfhal of the king's houfe, feems to be an officer who attends the marfhal in his court, and records all his proceedings. CLERK of a fhip, is an officer appointed to take care that nothing be fquandered, or spent needlefly.

He is obliged to keep a regifter, or journal, containing an exact inventory of every thing in the loading of the veffel; as the rigging, apparel, arms, provifion, munition, merchandises : as alfo the names of the paffengers, if there be any; the freight agreed on; a lift of the crew, their age, quality, wages; the bargains, purchases, fales, or exchanges the fhip makes from its departure; the confumption of provifion; and in short, every thing relating to the expence of the voyage. He also registers the confultations of the captains, pilots, &c.-He also does the office of a register in all criminal proceffes; and of a notary, to make and keep the wills of those who die in the voyage; takes inventories of their effects, &c. The Clerk is not allowed to quit the veffel during the voyage, on forfeiture of all his wages, &c. —In small veffels, the mafter or pilot does the office of Clerk.

CLERK of the Nichils, or Nihils, is an officer in the exchequer, who makes a roll of all fuch fums as are nichiled by the fheriffs upon their eftreats of green wax; and delivers the fame into the lord treasurer's remembrancer's office, to have execution done upon them for the king.

CLERK of the Ordnance, is an officer in the Tower, who regifters all orders relating to the king's ordnance. See ORDNANCE. CLERK of the Outlawries, is an officer belonging to the court

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