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You will also find Copys of Muster Rolls for the Seamen that by an Agreement between Admiral Durell1 and Governor Pownall were sent to serve in the Fleet:2 As the men when they were discharged had not Tickets given them they could find no way of disposing of their Wages that was due while on board the Ships. The Government therefore paid the Men their full Wages from the time of their Inlisting until their return, Those that died their Wages was paid untill the time of their death, to their legal Representatives and a full discharge given by each Man, an assignment made to the Province of the wages due from the Crown. Pay Rolls have been sent hither and Copys are now transmitted to you for the Men that served on board five Ships, but the Pay Rolls for the rest were never received. Consequently no deduction could be made for any supplies while on board, and they have been actually paid their full Wages, according to the Roll sent

you.

It is supposed most if not all these Men served on board the Neptune, whose original Pay Roll as well as the rest you will no doubt be able to find at the Pay Office, For the sum due to these Seamen: you must therefore apply on behalf of the Province, and you may safely engage that no demand shall ever be made by any person who has

strength of the Place a greater number of the larger Cannon was requisite, and thereupon, prayed that the Cannon and stores might be granted for strengthening the said Castle as to His Majesty should seem meet, which Petition is still depending; The Committee are therefore of opinion that a Plan of that Fortress, and an Account of the Ordinance there be prepared, and that the Commander in Chief of the Province be Desir'd to give Order therefor, that so the same, together with the Accounts and Estimates beforementioned, may be forthwith transmitted to Mr. Agent Bollan to enable him the better to solicit and transact the Affairs of the Province in Great Britain." Mass. Arch., XXII. 144.

1 Phillip Durell.

2 See Pownall's message in Journals of the House of Representatives, March 6, 1759.

not received full Satisfaction from the Province and given a discharge. And as there was nothing given to each Man to show the Wages due to them, if the Province had not Advanced the Money they must have suffered, it is hoped you will meet with no difficulty in obtaining a Reimbursement.

I must observe to you, that it was expected the Pay of the Men should begin at the time of their Inlisting and continue until their discharge at Boston but the Rolls are made only from their Entry on board until their being put aboard the Transports. If Admiral Durell's Agreement can be found it shall be sent you. If it is not here, I suppose Governor Pownall must have it among his papers.1 You will observe that whatever you receive short of the full sum paid by the Province must be added to the Account of the charge the Province has been at for the General Service the last Year which Accounts are now likewise transmitted to you.

These Accounts are not meer Computation but the sum charged has actually been paid except for Colo. Frye's Regiment the Officers of which as well as the Men, remaining all the Winter in Nova Scotia, the Rolls could not be made up. The number of Men is also ascertained by the Rolls and although the returns may not shew that the

2

1 "Governor Pownall having called upon me yesterday, to decline by reason of the state of his affairs the care of the application for relief of the sufferers by the fire at Boston, upon my inquiry he informed me that the agreement made between him and Admiral Durell respecting these seamen was made by letter, and he seemed fully persuaded that the Admiral's letter, or a duplicate, was lodged with the Secretary, saying at the same time that if he had the original it was packed up together with his other papers left in Mr. Hancock's hands, and that I should have it when he received it; but the time of his receiving his papers I perceived was very uncertain." Bollan to the Speaker, February 14, 1761. Mass. Arch., xxII. 186. A "duplicate" is in the Bowdoin-Temple Papers, 1. 35, in this Society, and is printed in 6 Collections, IX. 8.

* Joseph Frye (1711-1794).

whole number have been in service at any one time, yet this whole number have certainly Inlisted and been in pay and Service tho' some by reason of Sickness and some by desertion did not join the Kings regular Forces.

I am now to mention to you that over and above the service done in Common with the other Colonies this Government has kept Garrisons at Louisbourg and Nova Scotia the whole Winter, the Accounts sent you are to the Ist of November only, except two Company's only to the 24th of November.1 What this charge has been it is not possible to ascertain until the Rolls are made up. Twenty five hundred Men were first sent thither with a promise of discharge the Ist of November but the regular Forces being kept at Quebeck, the Government here to induce the Men to consent to stay offered and paid a bounty of four pounds per Man, to every Man who should tarry til the 1st of May.2 The Men were extreamly uneasy and many of the Garrison of Louisbourg were discharged; some but not many from other parts came home without leave. When the General Court's Committee mett in January to consider of measures for the present Year, it was pretty evident that 1700 of the 2500 then remained, and but few of these came home before the 1st of May. It is certain we shall have more than the Wages of 1400 Men to pay for the whole term, making a full Allowance for discharges, desertions and deaths. Thomas's Regiment of 780 from April 1st to November 1st, which is Seven Months, the Wages amount to £12,680. Now 1400 Men from November to May, which is Six Months, in the same proportion

1 According to the monthly returns made by Colonel Whitmore, governor of Louisburg, these provincial regiments numbered 887 in June, 1759, and 515 in April, 1760. Mass. Arch., XXII. 156.

2 Province Laws, XVI. 460.

3 John Thomas (1725–1776).

amounts to £19,517 — to which £5600 bounty being added makes £25,117 — lawful money which is equal to £18,837 Sterling.

This sum it seems equitable the Province should be allowed out of the Parliamentary Grant before their proportion of service to the other Governments is considered, for no other Government has been at any expence to set against this.1 I am sensible your Argument last Year was founded upon this reason, and that nevertheless it was rejected, but as nothing can be more just it is to be hoped it will being repeated prevail. Indeed it will be discourageing if it should not. The People hitherto have chearfully submitted to an amazing burthen of Taxes every Year and seem disposed still to exert themselves until the great design of the War is effected, but if they are distinguished un

1 "This detention became necessary by the taking of Quebec, which was garrisoned by the troops that otherwise would have relieved ours, and has brought upon the Province an expence which the other Colonies have done nothing to balance; it is reasonable therefore, as they are equally benefitted by the happy occasion of this expence, which arose from the necessity of the service they were engaged in, with us, that they should bear their proportion, and that they may bear their proportion you are to urge the payment of said expence out of the grant aforesaid, before any apportionment of it be made among the Colonies, and that the remainder be divided according to such rule as may be determined upon." Instructions to Bollan, June 20, 1760. Mass. Arch., xxII. 155. The total parliamentary grant, March 31, 1760, was £200,000. In reply to Bollan's representations he was informed in November; that "the apportionment was agreed on and determined by the Lords, who in making it had finally governed themselves by the number of men raised by the several Colonies that appeared in the field by the General's account, and that nothing but points of form were wanting for the entire settlement of this affair." Ib., 174. In February, 1761, Bollan told the agents of the colonies that it was his intention to get the service of the Massachusetts regiments at Louisburg and Nova Scotia recognized as a service different from the campaign service and therefore to be paid out of some other fund than the parliamentary grant, "being persuaded that this extraordinary winter service was not within the contemplation of the parliament when the grant was made, at which time the service was not concluded, the grant being made on the 31st of March." Ib., 183. The matter was complicated by the absence of definite accounts.

The three regiments detained at Louisburg and Nova Scotia were Frye's, 912 men, Jonathan Bagley's, 854, and Nathaniel Thwing's, 739, a total of 2505.

favourably in their proportions of the Parliament's Grants I fear they will be disposed to avoid doing more than in proportion to others. Notwithstanding this burthen of Taxes and the Relief from time to time given by Parliament yet the annual Charge is so great that the Publick debt increases annually Thirty or Forty thousands lawful

money.

I am very sure you will conduct these Affairs in such manner as shall appear to you most for the Interest of the Province. I am, Sir, Your very humble Servant,

THO: HUTCHINSON.1

[Seal]

MILITARY ACCOUNTS FOR 1759
By his Excellency Francis Bernard, Esquire,
Captain General and Governor in Chief in
and over His Majesty's Province of the
Massachusetts Bay in New England, and

FRA. BERNARD. Vice Admiral of the same.

I do hereby Certifie that Andrew Oliver, Esqr: (who has attested the annexed Copy) is Secretary of the aforesaid Province; And that Harrison Gray, Esqr:

1 In announcing August 8, 1760, that he had received the province's part of the first grant of £200,000, Bollan wrote: "I Proceeded pursuant to the order of the General Court, to purchase foreign coin'd gold with it, and have laid out the greater part in gold at £3, 195. 2d, 3, and 4, per oz. The Jews have raised the price, in order to send it abroad, and the Bank have raised upon them to keep it in the Kingdom. Their broker in my hearing today offered £3, 195. 5d. I have gone on, with proper assistance, as fast as possible, and hope to finish the whole at a tolerable price within a short time." Mass. Arch., XXII. 158. This coin was shipped in October by H.M.S. Fowey, Captain Tonyn. Bollan details his reasons for thus sending and draws a curious picture of the obstacles in the way of shipping large sums. This particular remittance was insured for £60,000 in the London Assurance corporation. "When the Cape Breton money was insured, I found the Royal Assurance company more tender than the London, and private assurers, being subject to death and bankruptcy. I have no opinion of dealing with them but in case of necessity; and the corporations are less inclined to insure so large a sum on one bottom than on several." Bollan to Oliver, October 8, 1760. Ib., 169.

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