of the Beer Guild, and so continued until 1795, when all guilds were abolished, and it is now (1842) a storehouse for turf to be burned in a neighbouring mill. This chapel is on the Broedertjesgracht, and has on its front wall the arms of the Brewers, with the words "Bier Drager's Gilden-Hoys." I mention all these particulars, lest any curious American, searching in future for the church of the Pilgrims, should fancy, as I did for a time, that he has found it in the Jerusalems Hof.*

A book was published a few years since, History of the Scottish Church at Rotterdam, by William Steven, Minister of that Church, Edinburgh, 1833, — which contains some notices of the different English churches in Holland, not so accurate, however, as to permit their being implicitly relied on. Speaking of Leyden, the author says, "As many British residents resorted to this rising seat of learning, the States of Holland and the magistrates of the town instituted and endowed, at their joint expense, a Scottish church in 1609.". p. 312. Again:-"The Brownists had a chapel here, and their pastor was Mr. John Smith. In the printed histories of Leyden there is no mention made of this religious sect, and the probability is that it did not long exist. The English who settled in this town were genteel families, whom the superior advantages of education drew to Leyden in considerable numbers; and there were besides a few cloth manufacturers, and other artisans." p. 312.

This English, or "Scottish church," is the only church of either nation, in relation to which any record can be found in the Acts of the Reformed Church at Leyden. So I am told by the Rev. Dr. Dermout, a most learned and accomplished divine of Leyden, who has probably studied with more care than any living person in Holland the early history of its church. The fact of the presence of Robinson's congregation for a time at Leyden was known to him, from its being stated in Neal's History of the Puritans, a translation of which into Dutch, under the title Historie der Rechtzinninge Puriteinen, was made by Jan Ross, and published in 1752, at Rotterdam. The records of the Reformed Church- Acten des Kerkenraads in the hands of Dr. Dermout, by whom they have been recently arranged; but those prior to 12th October, 1620, are lost. Had there been, however, any intercourse between Robinson's congregation and the Dutch churches, there would probably be some notice of it at the time of his death. Dr. Dermout and myself went carefully over the records for 1625 and 1626, but no notice whatever of Robinson or his congregation was to be found. This gentleman was kind enough to make further search, and below you have the different notices in relation to the English church which were found in the Acts.

are now

The names of the preachers of this church are constantly printed in the little calendar, or Orde de Feest en Lijdinsteksten in de Hemeente te Leiden, and the following is a leaf cut from that volume,

*There is yet another historian of Leyden, Leeven, whose book was published in 1672. The great work of Van Mieris is, however, superior to all others. Leeven speaks of the English sect as having a room, at that time, in the Falyde Bagyn Hof; but he has no mention of any other English congregation. 9

VOL. IX.

"PREDIKANTEN IN DE ENGELSCHE GEMEENTE.

Robertus Durie, beroepen 1609; gestorven 1616.

Hugo Goudgier, ber. 1617; gestorven 1661. [Teekent Hugo Goodierus in actis Goudiart.]

Mattheus Newcomen, beroepen uit Engeland 1663; gestorven 1669. Eduardus Richardson, Doct. Theol., ber. 1670; op zijn verzoek ontslagen 1674.

Henrikus Hickman, ber. uit Engeland 1675; gestorven 1691.

Wilhelmus Castares, als tweede Predikant beroepen 1688; vertrokken tot den dienst van Zijne Brittannische Majesteit 1689.

Robbertus Fleming, ber. uit Engeland 1692; vertrokken naar Rotterdam in de Schotsche Kerk 1695.

Johannes Milling, (Pred. in het leger), 1696; vertrokken naar Dublin 1702.

Robb. Milling, Prop., ber. 1702; vertrokken naar 's Gravenhage 1716. Thomas Gowan, ber. van Drumbo in Ierland 1716; gestorven 1758. William Mitchell, Prop., ber. 1753; gestorven 1807, ruim 81 jaren oud; wanneer de Engelsche Kerk gesloten is.'

The following extracts from the church records are interesting, as they show in some degree the feeling of an English preacher at that time, and show also that what has been so freely charged upon the Pilgrims as intolerance was not exclusively monopolized by them. Some who have been disposed to regard the Pilgrims as patterns of bigotry may perhaps be surprised at these acts on the part of a church favored by the government, the members of which, as Steven tells us, were men of "genteel families, whom the superior advantages of education drew to Leyden."

"Extract uit de Handelingen des Kerkeraads van de Nederduitsche Hervormde Gemeente te Leijden.

"1630.

1

1 Maart. Richard Parsons verzoekt by requeste dat hij zoude mogen in de Duijtsche Kerke alhier worden aangenomen, niettegenstaande dat de Kerkeraad van de Engelsche Kerke hem geene attestatie begeert te geven. Is goedgevonden, dat men den Predikant Goodier daarover zal aanspreken.

"15 Maart. Alzoo de Engelsche Kerk persisteert geene attestatie te willen geven aan R. Parsons, oordeelt deze Vergadering dat de voorzegde R. P. met alle gevoegelyke middelen zal zien de attestatie te bekomen, doch dat hy wel zoude doen bij de Engelsche Kerk te blijven.

"2 Aug. R. Parsons gepraesenteerd hebbende een request aan de achtb. magistraat, om uit de Engelsche Kerk te mogen overgaan in de Duitsche; [waarin hij klaagt, dat hij geweerd is van het Avondmaal en geene attestatie kan bekomen, omdat hy eenen zoon heeft die de Engelsche spraak niet verstaat en dien hy niet met zich ter predicatie nemen kan, maar dien hy zelf naar de Duitsche preek moet brengen, omdat hy anders terstond weder ter kerke uitgaat:] Is goedgevonden den Engelschen Predikant aantespreken en te induceren, om hem met attestatie te laten gaan.

"23 Aug. R. Parsons is aangezegd, dat de Engelsche Predikant zwarigheid blyft maken, om hem te dimitteren, maar hem in de En

gelsche kerk wil blyven toelaten, ofschoon hy zynen zoon in de Duitsche Kerk brengt ; en met eenen gebeden die zaak zoo te laten verblijven. "1638. 23 Julij. Is aangediend van een zeker lidmaat van de Engelsche Kerk, [Henrick Staffart.] dat hij van het Avondmaal wordt afgehouden, omdat hij zyn Chirurgijns. of barbiers-ambt Zondags 's morgens voor de predicatie of voör half negenen, tot gerief van vele arme luiden of werklieden, die de geheele week arbeiden en tot onderhoud van zyn huisgezin uitoefent, volgens de keure van den Magistraat; verzoekende hulp en raad van deze Vergadering. Is goedgevonden den goeden man te raden, dat hy alsnog attestatie verzoeke van de Engelsche Kerk, en voor zoo verre men hem dat weigert, te verzoeken eene attestatie naar waarheid.

"6 Aug. Is aangediend, dat de Engelsche Chirurgijn van den Engelschen Kerkeraad verzocht hebbende eene attestatie, met insertie van hetgeen de Kerk tegen hem had, niet had kunnen obtineren. Is goedgevonden dat men D. Goodier daarover zal begroeten.

"27 Aug. Is voorgelezen het antwoord van Mr. Goodier. Is goedgevonden hem nog eens te spreken, en hem te zeggen dat deze Vergadering de proceduren niet kan billijken, en zoo er niet werd geaccordeerd, dat wij hem (den Chirurgyn) niet zouden kunnen zonder hulpe laten.

"17 Sept. Zekere Engelschman, lidmaat van de Engelsche Kerk, Nicolaas Oliardt genaamd alleen (zoo hy zegt.) aldaar van het Avondmaal ontzegd, omdat hy eenige malen onze predicatieën had gefrequenteerd, verzoekt de hulpe dezer Vergadering, ten einde hij of wederopgenomen, of met attestatie gedimitteerd zoude worden.

"Beide deze zaken alzoo gebleken zynde, en de Engelsche Kerkeraad eene schriftelyke beschuldiging inleverende bij den Magistraat, waarin niets anders wezenlyks tegen beide werd ingebragt, zijn zij op bevel der Regering den 2en Dec. 1639. aangenomen als leden der Nederduitsche Gemeente, alsmede de Dochter van Staffart. onder protest van Ds. Goodier.

"Eodem die. 2 Dec. 1639. Is mede gerapporteerd dat met Ds. Goodier is gehandeld belangende den persoon van Nicolaas Gildinus. die eene vrouw van onze Gemeente getrouwd hebbende, verzocht zyne attestatie om bij ons te komen, tegen welken by hem Goodier deze ergernissen als verhindering van attestatie zyn voortgebragt: eerst, dat hy den geheelen Zondag toebak verkocht; daarna, dat hij des Zondaags vermaand zynde zyne vensters te willen sluiten, nochtans die altyd had opengehouden; voegende niettemin daarbij, dat hij anders een bescheiden man was. Waarop gehoord zynde in deze Vergadering de voorn. Gildinus en verstaan zyn antwoord. nam. dat wel mogt zyn, dat nu en dan op den Zondag de een en de ander om tabak komende was besteld geworden, maar dat zulks was geschied zonder dat hy daarom de oefening van den Godsdienst had nagelaten, beloofde ook in het toekomende denzelven getrouwelyk te willen oefenen. De Vergadering heeft goedgevonden hem tot een lidmaat dezer Gemeente

aantenemen.

"1655. 23 April. Ds. Lantsman vraagt, hoe dat hy zich zoude hebben te gedragen nopens zekeren Engelschman'van der Brownisten Vergadering, die zulks is verzoekende om by onze kerk aangenomen te worden. Wordt Ds. Lantsman toebetrouwd om met hem te handelen over zyne confessie, en bijaldien hy daarin gezond zal worden

bevonden, als mede de Kerken-ordre niet tegensprekende, by name in het stuk van den Kinderdoop, hem naar gewoonlyke ordre aantenemen. "Voor extract conform.

"1. DERMOUT, Theol. Doct. Predikant by de Nederd. Hervormde Gemeente.

"LEYDEN, 13 December, 1841."

TRANSLATION.

Extract from the Journal of the Church Council of the Dutch Reformed
Communion in Leyden.

1630. 1 March. Richard Parsons states in a petition, that he is desirous of making his confession of faith in the Dutch church; notwithstanding which, the council of the English church refuse to give him an attestation. It is resolved that the preacher Goodier shall be spoken with in regard to this.

15 March. The English church persisting in its refusal of an attestation to Richard Parsons, the assembly is of the opinion that the said R. P. should try by all convenient means to get the attestation, but that he would do well to remain by the English church.

2 Aug. Richard Parsons having presented to the Right Honorable Magistrates a request that he may be permitted to leave the English church and join that of the Dutch, in which petition he complains that he has been both shut off from the communion table, and refused an attestation, because, having a son who does not understand the English language, he has taken him to the Dutch church, he being obliged to accompany his son, for otherwise he leaves the church immediately, it has been resolved to speak about this with the English preacher, and induce him to dismiss Parsons with an attestation.

23 Aug. It was announced to Richard Parsons, that the English preacher still opposes difficulties to his dismission, but consents to let him remain in the English church, notwithstanding that he carries his son to the Dutch church; and so he is recommended to let the matter stand.

1638. 23 July. By direction of the magistrates, who ask the aid and counsel of this assembly, it has been reported by a certain member of the English church, Henry Staffart, that he is refused admission to the Last Supper, because he exercises his profession of barber-surgeon on Sunday mornings before the time of service, that is, before half past eight o'clock, which is for the benefit of numbers of poor men and working people that are employed throughout the whole week, and also for the maintenance of his own household. It has been resolved to counsel the good man to ask first an attestation from the English church, and, should this be refused, then to ask an attestation of the truth [facts].

6 Aug. It is reported that the English barber, having asked of the English church council a certificate of the griefs the church has against him, could not obtain it. It is resolved that Ds. Goodier shall be spoken with in relation to this.

27 Aug. The answer of Mr. Goodier is read. It is resolved to converse with him again, and to inform him that this assembly cannot approve the proceedings, and that, if the affair be not arranged, they will not leave the chirurgeon without help.

17 Sept. A certain Englishman, member of the English church, named Nicholas Oliardt, having, as he states, been shut off from the communion table for no other cause than that he had sometimes attended the Dutch preaching, begs the assistance of this assembly, to the end either that he may be readmitted to the communion table, or dismissed with an attestation.

Both these affairs being thus known, and the English church council having presented a written accusation against Staffart and Oliardt to the magistrates, in which, however, no other real charge than the above was made against either; they were both, according to the orders of the government, received as members of the Dutch communion, and also the daughter of Staffart, -Ds. Goodier protesting.

Eodem die, 2 Dec., 1639. It has also been reported what has occurred with Ds. Goodier in relation to Nicholas Gildinus, a person who, being married to a woman of our church, asked his permission to join us, against which are objected by Goodier the following griefs in impeachment of the granting him an attestation : 1st. That he, during the whole of Sunday, was selling tobacco; 2d. That, having been admonished to close his windows on Sundays, he nevertheless always kept them open, adding, however, that except this he was a well behaved man. Whereupon the answer of Gildinus, as heard in this assembly was thus: "That it might be that now and then he had given tobacco to one and the other who had come for it, but that this had occurred without his neglecting the exercises of God's service, which he promised also for the future faithfully to observe." The assembly was pleased to accept him as a member of this communion.

1655. 23 April. Ds. Lantsman asks how he shall conduct himself in relation to a certain Englishman, of the Brownist assembly, who has requested to be admitted to our church. It has been confided to Ds. Lantsman to converse with him about his confession, and if he should be found healthy in that, and also not disputing the doctrines of the - church [Kerken-ordre], especially as to infant baptism, then to admit him in the ordinary manner.

NOTE B.- Page 54.

ROBINSON'S SERMON.

IN Morton's New England's Memorial, page 235, we have a notice of Winslow's mission to England in the following words: "1646. This year, Mr. Edward Winslow went for England, upon occasion that some discontented persons under the government of the Massachusetts sought to trouble their peace, and disturb, if not innovate, their government, by laying many scandals upon them, and intended to prosecute against them in England, by petitioning and complaining to the Parliament. Also Samuel Gorton and his company made complaint against them; so as they made choice of Mr. Winslow to be their agent to make their defence, and gave him commission and instructions for that end, in which he so carried himself as did well answer their ends, and cleared them from any blame and dishonor, to the shame of their adversaries."