Gymnastics of the Voice for Song and Speech: Also a Method for the Cure of Stuttering and Stammering

abdominal muscles action activity actor air-column arms artist audible expiration backward base position become beginning body breath bronchi cartilage cause chest child closed compressed contraction correct defect descendens diaphragm direct attack downward duration epiglottis exercise falsetto forward frequently glottis gradually GUTTMANN Gymnastics head human voice hyoid-bone inaudible inspiration incisors inhaling inspiration and expiration larynx lips lower jaw lungs manner means movement mucous membrane musculi naso-pharynx nature necessary neck noise nose oblique Open the mouth oral cavity pass pause perfect pharynx posterior practice pressure produced pronounce pupil raised resonator respiration respiratory organs ribs SECTION sentence shoulders side singer singing and speaking slowly soft-palate song sounding expiration speaker spiritus asper spiritus lenis sternum stuttering syllable teachers teeth thereby thyroid cartilage timbre tion tongue trachea upward utter vibrations vocal cords vocal organs voiceless consonants whisper words