COLOMBIA. In 1811 New Granada declared itself independent of Spain and formed a Republic. In 1819 the Republic of Colombia was erected out of what are now Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador. This union lasted only until 1836, when Venezuela and Ecuador established independent governments, and the States of Colombia were formed into the Granadine Confederation, which finally became the United States of Colombia in 1861. The change in the coins produced by the first political change just noted was the introduction of the types of the bust of an Indian woman, with the feather crown and the legend Libertad Americana; and on the reverse, the pomegranate (Spanish, granada), a type parlant referring to the name of the country. The mints of this Republic were at Bogota and Popayan in Colombia proper, and at Quito in Ecuador. Under the Granadine Confederation or the República de la Nueva Granada, the type of American Liberty and the pomegranate were continued for a short time, but they presently gave way to a Caucasian type of Liberty and the consular fasces over the bow and arrow, between two cornucopiæ. The coinage of the Republic, both of Colombia and of New Granada, retained the Spanish system with the Peso of 8 Reales as the unit until 1847, when a decimal system with a Peso of 10 Reales as the unit was adopted. But for popular convenience in the transition from a long-used system to a different one, the Granadino (No. 28), an 8-real piece after the old system, was also coined. Finally, in 1871 the United States of Colombia adopted the monetary system of the Latin Union, with a gold Peso as the unit. The types of the new coinage brought out on this standard were the head of Liberty and the national arms, and embrace also a statement of the weight and fineness of the piece. The arms of Colombia.-Shield divided per fess, on chief azure a pomegranate vert between two cornucopiæ, from which pour piasters; on base Isthmus of Darien azure with ship on each side; on fess argent a Phrygian cap gules on a pole or; crest, an eagle with wings displayed. Motto, LIBERTAD I ORDEN. 231 REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA, 1819-1836. GOLD. BOGOTA. 1. Onza, 1831. Obv. REPUBLIca de colomBIA. Draped bust of Liberty to left, with fillet inscribed LIBERTAD; below, 1831. Rev. Consular fasces, over which are a bow and three arrows in saltire between two cornucopiæ; above, BOGOTA; below, 8. S. Edge, obliquely hatched. 37 mm.; 416.5 grs. R. S. 2. Cuarta de onza, 1829. Types similar to No. 1, but reading 2. S. R. S. below arms on reverse. Edge, obliquely hatched. 22 mm.; 105 grs. 3. Medio escudo, 1825. Types similar to No. 1, but with LIBER. on fillet about head of Liberty, and on reverse reading 1. P. J. F. Edge, obliquely hatched. 15 mm.; 26.5 grs. 4. Medio escudo, 1835. Similar to No. 3, except date. 26 grs. POPAYAN. 5. Onza, 1826. Obv. Similar to No. 1, except the date. Rev. Type similar to No. 1, but with POPAYAN above, and 8.E. ★ F.M. below, the arms. Edge, obliquely hatched. 36 mm.; 416 grs. 6. Onza, 1836. Similar to No. 5, but reading 8. E. U. R. below the arms on the reverse. 36 mm.; 416.5 grs. 7. Escudo, 1823. Types similar to No. 1, but with POPAYAN above the arms, and 1. E. F. M. below. Edge, obliquely hatched. 19 mm.; 51 grs. SILVER. BOGOTA. 8. Peso, 1819. Obv. LIBERTAD AMERICANA. Bust of an Indian woman, with feather crown, to left; below, .1819. Rev. NUEVA GRANADA J. F F . A pomegranate with two leaves on the stem; at sides, 8 R. Edge, ooo. 39 mm.; 381 grs. 9. Peso, 1820. Similar to No. 8, except date. 10. Peso, 1820. Obv. REPUBLICA DE COLOMBIA. Bust of an Indian woman, with feather crown, to left; below, 1820. Rev. CUNDINAMARCA. A pomegranate; at R; below, J. F. Edge, o☐☐. 39 sides, 8 11. Peso, 1821. Similar to No. 10, but with BA. J. F. be neath the pomegranate, on reverse. 12. Peso (Colombiano), 1835. Obv. REPUBLICA DE COLOMBIA. Between two cornucopiæ, consular fasces, over which are bow and three arrows, crossed; below, 1835. Rev. Within a laurel wreath, B. | COLOMBIANO | OCHO REALES | R. S. |; above, between the ends of the branches of the wreath, LIBERTAD, incused on a ribbon. Pl. XIV, 2. 13. Peseta, 1821. Obv. REPUBLICA DE COLOMBIA. Head of an Indian woman, with feather crown, to left; below, 1821. Rev. CUNDINAMARCA. Pomegranate on stem with three leaves; at sides, 2 R; below, BA. J.F. 27 mm. 14. Real, 1821. Similar to the Peso, No. 10, but reading 1 R.; below, in field, BA. J. F. 30 mm. 15. Real, 1827. Obv. Type similar to No. 12, except date. Rev. Within a wreath, B | 1. REAL | R.R.; above, on a scroll, LIBERTAD. 16. Real, 1829. 17. Real, 1833. Similar to No. 15, except date. Similar to No. 15, but reading B. | 1. REAL. | R. S. | within the wreath on reverse. 18. Real, 1835. Similar to No. 17, except date. GRANADINE CONFEDERATION, 1836-1858. 19. Onza (16 Pesos), 1837. Obv. REPULICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. Draped bust of Liberty to left, with fillet inscribed LIBERTAD; below, 1837. Rev. Arms of the Confederation: a spade-shaped shield with laurel wreath above, from which spring scrolls inscribed, LIBERTAD I ORDEN, and above the whole, a condor in downward flight; around, DIEZ I SEIS PESOS. BOGOTA. R. S. Edge, reeded. 36 mm.; 416 grs. Pl. XIII, 1. 20. Onza, 1838. Similar to No. 19, except date; 416 grs. 21. Onza, 1849. Obv. REPUBLICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. Bust of Liberty to left, with fillet inscribed LIBERTAD; below, 1849. Rev. Arms: a spade-shaped shield of arms over four flags, draped two and two, surmounted by a condor with laurel wreath in beak; above, BOGOTA. PESO-25.8064. G.; below, LEI 0.900. Edge, reeded. 37 mm.: 398 grs. A pattern by Wyon. 22. Onza, 1849. Pattern of No. 21, in silver, but with plain edge. 23. Condor, 1856. Legends and types similar to No. 21, but with PESO-16.400.G in legend on reverse. Edge, reeded. 26 mm.; 252.2 grs. 24. Peso 1846. Types similar to No. 19, but with UN PESO. BOGOTA. R. S. on reverse. 14.5 mm.; 25.7 grs. 25. Peso, 1837. SILVER. Obv. REPUBLICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. Arms of Colombia; below, 1837. Rev. ★ BOGOTA. Within a laurel wreath, 8 | REALES; below, RS. Edge, reeded. 38 mm. 26. Peso, 1839. Obv. REPUBLICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. A condor, in downward flight; in the beak, a ribbon inscribed LIBERTAD I ORDEN; below, a cornucopia, and beneath, 1839. Rev. VALE OCHO REALES. Within a closed laurel wreath, LEI | OCHO | DINEROS; below, R BOGOTA S. Edge, o☐☐o. 39 mm.; 349 grs. Pl. XIV, 3. 27. Peso, 1843. Similar to No. 25, except date. 28. Peso, 1847. Granadino. Obv. REPUBLICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. Shield of arms, between two laurel branches; below, 1847. Rev. Within a wreath, OCHO REALES; around, BOGOTA. LEY. 0.900. Edge, reeded. 34 mm.; 306 grs. 29. Peso, 1847. Obv. REPUBLICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. Arms of the Republic: a shield surmounted by a condor over four flags, crossed; below, 1847. Rev. Within a wreath, DIEZ | REALES; below, LEY 0.900. Edge, reeded. 36 mm.; 385 grs. 30. Peso, 1848. Similar to No. 29, except date. 31. Peseta, 1840. Legends and types similar to No. 26, but reading VALE DOS REALES on reverse. 25 mm. 32. Peseta, 1849. Legends and types similar to No. 28, but reading DOS REALES within wreath on reverse. 18 mm. 33. Peseta, 1850. Similar to No. 32, except date. 34. Peseta, 1851. Similar to No. 32, except date. 35. Peseta, 1857. Obv. REPUBLICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. Arms of the Republic within a wreath; below, 1857. Rev. Within a wreath, DOS DECIMOS; above, BOGOTA; below, LEI 0.900. 36. Real, 1837. Obv. REPUBLICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA. Pomegranate between two cornucopiæ. Rev. Within a wreath, 1 | REAL; above, BOGOTA; below, R. S. Edge, reeded. 20 mm. 37. Real, 1838. 38. Real, 1839. 39. Real, 1845. 40. Real, 1847. reverse. Similar to No. 36, except date. Similar to No. 36, except date. Similar to No. 36, except date. Similar to No. 36, but with UN REAL | on 18 mm. 41. Real, 1852. Similar to No. 40, except date. |