if there are no ships in the way, the head most anchor may be taken up first with safety, and the sternmost cable be hove in towards slack water.

UPON GETTING UNDER WAY.

To Cast a Ship, riding Head to Wind, in a Place where there is no Tide.

To cast a ship, riding head to wind, in a place where there is no tide, let the cable be hove in short; send hands up to loose the topsails, which let be sheeted home and hoisted; and if it is required to cast the ship upon the starboard tack, brace up the head yards with the starboard braces, and the after yards. with the larboard braces: then put the helm to port, and send the hands to the capstern, to heave up briskly the anchor. When the anchor quits the ground, the ship, by the assistance of the helm and sails, will pay round to port; then hoist the jib and fore topmast staysail to help her. The anchor to the bow, fill the head yards, keep the ship her course, and trim and make sail as required.

REMARK.

Should the wind blow fresh, it will be proper to cat the anchor before the head sails are filled.

To Cast a Ship when Tide-rode with the Wind ahead.

To cast a ship when tide-rode with the wind ahead, the same practice must be followed with the sails, as to cast a ship when wind-rode and no current; but the heim must be put the contrary way, for now the effect of the helm is by the tide's passing her, which in the former case was by the ship's stern way.

Upon getting a Ship under Way with a leading Wind in a Tide's Way.

If the ship to be got under way has a leading wind, and is in the midst of a number of vessels, or in a narrow channel, where it would be difficult to cast her upon the lee tide, she should be got under way before the weather tide is done. Thus the casting of the ship will be avoided, and she may be steered through the channel or fleet with safety.

REMARK.

Should it blow so fresh upon the windward tide as to force the ship end-on with her cable, it will be impossible to heave it in without sheering the ship over from side to side, and heaving in briskly as the ship slacks the cable; but as this is attended with considerable danger, by the sudden bringing up of the ship upon each sheer, it will be prudent to heave apeak upon the first setting of the windward tide, before the ship swings, to bring the wind aft.

To cast a Ship from her Anchor, upon a Lee tide, and back her astern clear of Danger.

To cast a ship from her anchor, upon a lee tide, and back her astern clear of danger, upon the starboard tack, let the cable be hove in apeak; then set the three topsails braced up with the starboard braces, and put the helm to starboard. Now heave up the anchor, and as it quits the ground, by the effect of the helm the ship will cast, bringing the wind upon the starboard bow; and immediately she gets stern-way, the effect of the helm will be to keep her to the wind.

While the anchor is coming up from the bottom, the ship will keep to the wind, and back astern extremely well; and by the time the anchor is hove up to the bows, it may be supposed the ship has backed clear of the danger; when, shift the helm, run up the jib and fore topmast staysail, and shiver the after sails. Thus the ship will veer round in little room; when,. trim as required.

REMARK.

It must be remembered, that a ship will not readily veer till the anchor is close up to the bow; therefore when a ship is to be got under way from deep water and a narrow channel, it is best to make a stern-board from her anchor, which will back her over to the shore, astern by the time the anchor is up, and give her room to veer round.

UPON SETTING AND TAKING IN SEVERAL SAILS IN BLOWING WEATHER.

To set a Mainsail in a Gale of Wind.

To set a mainsail in a gale of wind, before the sail is loosed, let the double block of a tackle be made fast to the weather clew, and the single block be hooked low down upon the chestree,

and the fall led aft. Now, man well the main tack and fall at the same time; and when the sail is loosed, ease away the weather clew-garnet, let go the buntlines and leechlines, bowse down upon the tackle, and take in the main tack: the main tack down, haul aft the sheet, brace up the yard, and haul the main bowline.

REMARK.

A foresail is set after the same manner as a mainsail; but as the fore-tacks generally lead double, they are a sufficient purchase without the aid of a tackle to the weather clew.

To set a Top-Sail in a Gale of Wind.

To set a topsail, in a gale of wind, a tackle should always be in readiness to clap on either sheet, as may be required. First man the lee sheet, and the sail being loosed, ease down the buntlines and lee clewline, and haul home the lee-sheet : then haul home the weather sheet, hoist the sail, and brace up as required.

REMARK.

Should the wind be quartering, the lower and topsail yards should be braced well to the wind, before the sail is sheeted home.

To take in a Course, in a Gale of Wind.

To take in a course, in a gale of wind, man well the weather clew-garnet, ease off the tack and bowline, and run it up; then man the lee clew-garnet, buntlines, leechlines, and weather brace, and being all ready, ease away the sheet, haul up the clew-garnet, buntlines, and leechlines, and round in the weather brace, till the yard is pointed to the wind. Now haul taught the trusses, braces, lifts, and rolling tackle, and send the hands up to furl the sail.

To take in a Topsail in a Gale of Wind.

Upon taking in a topsail, in a gale of wind, seamen differ; some approve clewing up to windward first, and others to leeward. If the weather side is to be first clewed up, the weather brace must be rounded well in, otherwise the lee rigging will be in danger of being carried away by the great pressure of the the lee yard arm. With the weather brace well attended, this certainly is the most advantageous way of taking in a topsail, for thus the sail may be taken in without a shake; but should the weather brace give way, recourse must be had to clewing

up to leeward first. When the sail is clewed up, bowse taught the rolling tackle, and send the hands up to furl the sail.

To take in a Jib, when blowing fresh

To take in a jib, when blowing fresh, man well the down-haul, let go the haliards, ease off the sheet, and haul down briskly; and when the sail is close down, ease away the out-haul, and haul the sail in to the bowsprit cap; then let it be stowed away in the fore staysail netting.

To haul in a Lower Studdingsail, blowing fresh.

To haul in a lower studdingsail,* blowing fresh, lead one of the sheets aft clear, and man it well; then lower away briskly the outer haliards, to spill the sail; ease off the tack, run in upon the sheet, and lower away the inner haliards, as required.

To haul down a Topmast Studdingsail, blowing fresh.

To haul down a topmast studdingsail, blowing fresh, man well the deck sheet and down-haul; case off the yard sheet, and haul the yard close out to the tack-block; then ease away the tack, and haul down both upon the deck sheet and downhaul.

To brail up and haul down a Main Topmast Staysail, blowing fresh.

To brail up and haul down a main topmast staysail, blowing fresh, man well the lee brail and down haul, having a few hands to gather in the slack of the weather brail; then let go the haliards, ease off the sheet, and haul down and brail up as briskly as possible. When the sail is down let go the tack, and stop the sail over to the lee fore rigging.

To brail up a Mizen, blowing fresh.

To brail up a mizen, blowing fresh, man well the lee brails, particularly the throat brails, which should have a whip purchase; ease off the mizen sheet, and brail up briskly; taking in at the same time the slack of the weather brails. After the sail is hauled up, stop its foot, by passing the gasket round to leeward, which will spill it.

* The studdingsail is supposed to be set on a swinging boom.

To take in a Topgallant Sail, blowing fresh.

To take in a topgallant sail, blowing fresh, the lee sheet must be started first; for if the weather sheet is first eased off, the yard will fly fore and aft.

To bend a Course.

To bend a course, stretch the sail athwart the deck, the starboard side of the sail to the starboard side, the larboard to the larboard side; then bend yard ropes to the earing cringles, and make fast the head earings a few feet up upon the yard ropes. The buntlines, leechlines, clew-garnets, and all the geer bent, make fast a rope-band to each buntline and leechline leg, that the men may be enabled to catch the head of the sail from the yard. Now man well the yard ropes, buntlines, leechlines, and clew-garnets, and run the sail up to the yard. The sail aloft, send the hands up to bring it to; haul out the weather earing first, then the lee; and if it is a new sail, ride the head rope to stretch it. The sail being hauled square out upon the yard, make fast the rope-bands, keeping the head of the sail well upon the yard. Should it blow hard, it would be proper to reef the sail over the head, before it is sent aloft.

To bend a Topsail.

To bend a topsail, overhaul the leeches of the sail, put in the earings, bend the bowline legs, lay out the clews, and open them if necessary, and make the sail up snug again; then round down upon the lee topsail haliards, till the weather fly-block is high enough to bring the sail up over the guard rail; when, rack the tye over to the weather topmast rigging. Now bight the sail up upon slings, with the lee side uppermost ; hook on the topsail haliards, and run the topsail up into the top; then stretch the sail round the fore part of the top, bend the geer, make fast the head earings a few feet up upon the reef tackle pendants, with a rope-band or two to each buntline leg. The geer being bent, man the reef tackles, buntlines, and clewlines, and haul out the sail. Let the hands lay out upon the yard, and haul out the weather earing first; then haul out to leeward, and ease off to windward till the sail is square; when make fast the rope-bands, keeping the head of the sail well upon the yard.