APPENDIX M

A Selection of Clauses in Ordinary Use in Policies on Interest other than Hull1

ARROWROOT.-Each 20 barrels or 50 tins. Each 50 barrels. BLUE CLOTHS (Pondicherry).—Each bale.

BOTTLED GOODS.--Warranted free from all claim arising from loss of or damage to labels, unless the vessel be stranded, sunk, or burnt.

BOTTOMRY BOND.-To pay such proportion of the £

as may not be recovered in consequence of the surety being destroyed or diminished in value by reason of the perils insured against, or of any subsequent bond or bonds.

CAMELS' WOOL.-Each 5 bales. Each 10 bales.. CATTLE.-(a) Against all risks, including mortality and jettison arising from any cause whatsoever. Animals walking

ashore, or, when slung from the vessel, walking after being taken out of the slings, to be deemed arrived, and no claim to attach to this policy on such animals. Each animal to be deemed a separate insurance.

(b) Warranted free from mortality, unless caused by the stranding, sinking, or burning of the ship, or by collision with another ship or vessel.

(c) Liable only in case of total loss of vessel and of animals, or for payment of general average levied on all interests. CIGARS. Each case.

COCHINEAL.-Each package or 5 packages.

COCOA-NUT OIL.-1 per cent for ordinary leakage, computed on the original net weight, to be deducted in case of claim.

To pay average if damage amount to 3 per cent on each series of 5 pipes, 10 puncheons, or 20 hogsheads original

numbers.

COFFEE. Every 10 hogsheads, tierces or casks. Each 20 barrels and 50 bags running landing numbers.

1 Compiled from MS. collections, telegraph codes, office clauses, policies, etc., and compared with Mr. Douglas Owen's Marine Insurance Notes and Clauses, 3rd ed., 1890; and Mr. Richard Lowndes's Law of Marine Insurance, 2nd ed., 1885, Appendix D, Customary Average Clauses.

Skimming Clause.—In case of damage, to pay the cost of skimming and depreciation on skimmed portion without reference to percentage, series or insured value. COTTON-East Indies.-Black leaf clause.—It is agreed that damage from black leaf discoloration shall not be claimed for under this policy, except when caused by the bale so affected having been in actual contact with sea water or fire, and that no allowance shall be made for black leaf in damaged bales when the sound portion of the same mark contains black leaf.

Egyptian.-Each 10 bales running landing numbers, and on pickings without reference to series or percentage.

American. Average recoverable on each 10 bales running landing numbers, or on the whole; and on pickings without reference to series or percentage.

With liberty to stop and stay at ports and places to tranship, to compress, and to lighter.

It is understood and agreed that this insurance attaches as soon as the cotton becomes the property of the assured, or is at their risk, and covers said cotton in presses, yards, railroad depôts, or wherever it may be, and continues so to attach until safely landed at the port of destination. This policy also covers cotton intended for interior points in Europe until its delivery at the mills, if with customary dispatch and when so specified in the certificate of insurance. Including risk of craft to and from the vessel. lighter or craft to be considered as if separately insured. Held covered in event of deviation, provided the same be communicated to assurers as soon as known to the assured, and an additional premium paid if required.

Each

Warranted by the assured free from any liability for merchandise in the possession of any carrier or other bailee, who may be liable for any loss or damage thereto; and for merchandise shipped under a bill of lading containing a stipulation that the carrier may have the benefit of any insurance thereon.

It is by the assured expressly stipulated in respect to land carriers, that no right of subrogation is, or is to be abrogated or impaired by or through any agreement intended to relieve a carrier from duties or obligations imposed or recognised by the common law or otherwise.

The insurance on cotton hereunder shall in all cases be null and void to the extent of any insurance with any fire insurance companies, directly or indirectly covering upon the same property, whether prior or subsequent hereto in date.

In case of loss prior to issue of certificate or policy, and negotiation of exchange for purchase of cotton, the liability under this insurance is not to exceed the cost of the cotton

and charges added; except in cases where the assured is compelled by his contract to replace the cotton destroyed; in which cases the actual cost of the new cotton, and of placing it where the old cotton was lost, shall be the limit of claim, provided it does not exceed the sum insured. DECK CARGO.--See GOODS ON DECK.

DESTINATION CLAUSE.-Warranted free of all average, but to pay a total loss on such portion as does not reach its destination.

Warranted free of all average, but to pay a total loss on such portion as does not reach its destination in the vessel named in the policy.

DISBURSEMENTS.-Warranted free of all average.

No claim to attach hereto unless the vessel be at total loss constructive or absolute.

FREIGHT-Detention clause.-Warranted free from any claim, consequent on loss of time, whether arising from a peril of the sea or otherwise.

Diminishing clause.—It is agreed that the amount at risk shall be reduced by one-twelfth for each expired month.

GLASS AND CHINA WARE.-Warranted free from any claim, general average excepted, unless caused by the vessel being stranded, sunk, or burnt, or by collision with another ship or vessel.

GOODS ON DECK.-Warranted free from claim for jettison or washing overboard.

In and over all. Deck load to be considered as if separately insured. Shipowner's Risk.-To cover only shipowner's liability for total loss, risk of jettison and washing overboard in consequence of being carried on deck.

Shipowner's Liability.—This insurance is only against all risks to which shipowners may become liable in consequence of the goods being carried on deck.

GRAIN.-Including all risks of craft to and from the vessel, especially from the vessel when discharging in the river, or in any dock on the Liverpool side of the river to the grain warehouses each lighter or craft to be considered a separate risk.

HIDES.-Each 1000 hides if amounting to 10 per cent. INCREASED VALUE.(a) In the event of any claim arising for general average, this policy to pay only its proportion of any excess that may not be recoverable under the original policies; and in event of the contributory value of the cargo being greater than the total amount insured (including the policies on increased value), this policy to pay only in proportion to the said amount insured, as the amount insured may bear to the contributory value.

(6) Without benefit of salvage, and to pay only such proportion of general average (if any) as shall not be recoverable under the original policy or policies. (A "wager" policy.) INDIGO.-Each package.

JUTE (Calcutta to Dundee).-To pay average if amounting to 5 per cent on each 250 bales.

MACHINERY. In case of loss or injury to any part of a machine consisting when complete, for sale or use, of several parts, this company shall only be liable for the insured value of the part lost or damaged.

MYRABOLAMS. Each 500 bags. Each £100 value if amounting to 5 per cent.

OLIVE OIL.-Each 10 casks or 5 tuns running landing numbers. OPIUM. Each package.

PALM OIL.-Each 3 tuns or 5 casks running landing numbers. PASSAGE MONEY.-Against all costs, charges, and liabilities, the master's penalties excepted, to which the owners or charterers of the ship may be subjected, under the 50th and 52nd sections of the 18th and 19th Victoria, Cap. 119, entituled The Passengers Act 1855; and under the 14th, 15th, and 16th sections of the 26th and 27th Victoria, Cap. 51, entituled The Passengers Act Amendment Act 1863, including the replenishing of the provisions and stores, required by the Act on putting into a port in the United Kingdom; also the maintenance of the passengers according to the dietary of the Act while the vessel is detained after putting into a foreign port. But it is understood that the company's liability shall not exceed a total loss from any one casualty, and that they shall not be liable for the expense of replenishing the provisions and stores or maintenance as aforesaid, except the putting into port be caused by accident or damage to the ship and not by contrary winds alone. PEPPER. Each 50 bags.

PETROLEUM.-Not liable for leakage unless the vessel be stranded or in collision, or there be a forced discharge of cargo at any intermediate port of distress, and it amount to over 3 per cent on the whole.

PROFIT OR COMMISSION.-(a) Warranted free from all average, but to pay a total loss on such packages as do not reach their destination by any conveyance.

(b) Sugar-Warranted free from all average, but to pay a total loss of commission on such part of the sugar as may not reach its destination; but no claim to be made in respect of wasted or empty bags unless caused by the stranding, sinking, or burning of the vessel.

REGISTERED POST.-Including all risks til. delivered to the addressees.

Risk to commence from the time receipt for the package

is given by the postal authorities to the assured, their bankers, or authorised agents, and to continue until delivered by the postal authorities to the addressees or their representative. RICE (From Calcutta and Rice Ports, etc.).-On each 50 bags, 100 bags, or 200 bags, according to arrangement. (Rangoon to W.C.S. America).-Each 2000 bags.

SILK. Each bale.

SKINS.-Every 3 bales. Each bale, or each £100 value. SUGAR. Each 20 baskets or 50 bags. Each 25 baskets or 300 bags. TEA-China. To pay average on each 10 chests, 20 half chests, or 40 quarter chests, following landing numbers, but no claim to attach for wet or damp in respect of any package unless the tea therein shall have been in actual contact with sea water.

India. Including risk from tea gardens. Clause as above with the addition, or river water.

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TELEGRAPH CABLE.-Warranted free from all claim (general average excepted) unless the same be occasioned by the loss, burning, or stranding of the vessel, and to pay only on that portion of the interest which may remain on board at the time of the accident.

TIN PLATES.-Each 100 boxes. Each 50 boxes.

TOBACCO. -Average payable on each 10 hogsheads, 10 boxes, 50 bags, or 10 tierces.

(American).—In case of particular average to pay the excess of 5 per cent on the value of each 10 hogsheads, following landing numbers.

WOOD GOODS.-In and over all. Including risk of craft and/or raft to and from the vessel. Each craft and/or raft and/or deck

load to be deemed a separate insurance. WOOL-(Mediterranean and Black Sea).—Each 5 bales.

(Cape). Each bale.

(River Plate).-Each 5 bales.

(East Indian).--Each 10 bales, running landing numbers. (W.C.S. America).-Each bale.

(Australia and New Zealand).-Each bale.