to exaggerate. I wish only to express the impression General Washington has left on my mind; the idea of a perfect whole, that cannot be the produce of enthusiasm, which rather would reject it, since the effect of proportion is to diminish the idea of greatness. Brave without temerity, laborious without ambition, generous without prodigality, noble without pride, virtuous without severity; he seems always to have confined himself within those limits, where the virtues, by cloathing themselves in more lively, but more changeable and doubtful colours, may be mistaken for faults. This is the seventh year that he has commanded the army, and that he has obeyed Congress; more need not be said, especially in America, where they know how to appreciate all the merit contained in this simple fact. Let it be repeated that Conde was intrepid, Turenne prudent, Eugene adroit, Catinat disinterested. It is not thus that Washington will be characterized. It will be said of him, AT THE END OF A LONG CIVIL WAR, HE HAD NOTHING WITH WHICH HE COULD REPROACH HIMSELF. In speaking of this perfect whole of which General Washington furnishes the idea, I have not excluded exterior form. His stature is noble and lofty, he is well made, and exactly proportioned; his physiognomy mild and agreeable, but such as to render it impossible to speak particularly of any of his features, so that in quitting him, you have only the recollection of a fine face.”—Travels in North America, i. 137.

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 27.

At Preakness: "You will march with the division under your command to the ground in the neighborhood of Morristown, which Colonel Craig has pitched upon for the winter cantonment of the line, and on which he has been preparing huts."-Washington to General Wayne.

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28.

At Morristown, New Jersey: "I arrived at this place today, having yesterday broken up the camp near Passaic Falls, and detached the troops to their different places of cantonment. I shall repair to New Windsor, where I purpose to establish my winter-quarters, after having made some necessary regulations here and visited the hospitals." -Washington to the President of Congress.

"Nov. 1780.-To the Expenditures on a journey (after the Army left the Field for Winter Quarters) to Morristown-Fleming Town-Halkets Town [Hackettstown]-New Germa Town-Sussex Ct House &c. to the Cantonment at New Windsor-476 Dolls & £102.14."-Washington's Accounts.

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 6.

At New Windsor, New York: "December 6th.-At evening his Excellency Gen. Washington, arrived at New Windsor, where he took winter-quarters."-Heath's Memoirs.

Washington remained at New Windsor (except as stated) until June 25, 1781, occupying his old quarters, the "William Ellison House." This is the house referred to by Lossing (Field-Book, i. 681) as a "plain Dutch house, long since decayed and demolished. In that humble tenement Lady Washington entertained the most distinguished officers and their ladies, as well as the more obscure who sought her friendship."

SUNDAY, DECEMBER 10.

At New Windsor: "The army is cantoned in the following manner. The Pennsylvania line near Morristown; the Jersey brigade at the entrance of the Clove, to cover the communication; the New York brigade in the vicinity of Albany, furnishing the garrison of Fort Schuyler; and the New England lines at West Point and its dependencies; the regiments much weakened by discharging the levies." -Washington to Baron Steuben.

"December 10.-A little before noon, Gen. Washington visited West Point."-Heath's Memoirs.

MONDAY, DECEMBER 11.

At New Windsor: "The situation of the Army in respect to Cloathing is really distressing. By collecting all our remnants, and those of a thousand colors & kinds, we shall scarcely make them comfortable. Uniformity, one of the essentials of discipline, & every thing in the appearance of a Soldier, must be dispensed with;—and what makes the matter more mortifying is, that we have, I am positively assured Ten thousand compleat suits ready in France & laying there because our public agents cannot agree whose business it is to ship them."- Washington to General Lincoln.

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 13.

At New Windsor: "It gives me much pleasure to hear, my letters of introduction were serviceable to you. I

that

am persuaded there is not wanting a disposition in Congress, or the individual States at the southward, to afford you every support, which the unhappy state of our finances will admit."— Washington to General Greene.

"Public credit is so totally lost, that private people will not give their aid, though they see themselves involved in one common ruin. It is my opinion that General Washington's influence will do more than all the assemblies upon the continent. I always thought him exceeding popular; but in many places he is little less than adored, and universally admired. His influence in this country might possibly effect something great. However, I found myself exceedingly well received, but more from being the friend of the General, than from my own merit."-Greene to Hamilton, January 10, 1781.

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 19.

At New Windsor: Entertains the Marquis de Chastellux, on his way to Stillwater and Saratoga.

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 20.

At New Windsor: "Disappointed of the second division of French troops, but more especially in the expected naval superiority, which was the pivot upon which every thing turned, we have been compelled to spend an inactive campaign, after a flattering prospect at the opening of it, and vigorous struggles to make it a decisive one on our part." -Washington to Benjamin Franklin, at Paris.

The second division of French troops destined for America, which had been blockaded in the harbor of Brest, never arrived, although provision had partly been made for quartering them at New London, Norwich, Lebanon, Windham, and other Connecticut towns.

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 23.

At New Windsor: "You will take command of such of the detachments of water guards, now on the river, as you may think necessary, and with them attempt to surprise and bring off General Knyphausen from Morris's House on York Island, or Sir Henry Clinton from Kennedy's House in the city, if, from the tide, weather, and other circum

stances, you shall judge the enterprise practicable."- Washington to Colonel Humphreys.

"On the 25th inst. Major Humphries, Aid-de-camp to the Commander in Chief, went [from the post at Dobbs' Ferry] towards New York on an enterprize; he was attended by Capt. Welles, of the Connecticut line, Lieut. Hart, Ensign M'Calpin, Mr. Buchanan, Mr. M'Guyer, and twentyfour non-commissioned officers and privates, in one barge and two whaleboats. The wind was very fresh at north-west in the night, and the boats were forced past the city, and one of them almost down to Sandy-Hookone of the boats put in at Staten Island: at length the three went round to Brunswick, from whence the Major and all the others, returned to the army on the 1st of January."-Heath's Memoirs.

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 30.

At West Point: "December 30th.-Gen. Washington visited the Point, and, with a number of other officers, dined with our General."-Heath's Memoirs.

1781.

WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 3.

At New Windsor: "To-day at noon I received yours of the 2d in the morning by Major Fishbourn, who has given me a full account of the unhappy and alarming defection of the Pennsylvania line."— Washington to General Wayne.

On the 1st of January (about nine o'clock at night) a mutiny broke out among the Pennsylvania troops, in winter-quarters on Kimball Hill, near Morristown, New Jersey. About thirteen hundred men paraded under arms, refused obedience to their officers, killed Captain Billings, mortally wounded Captain Talbot, and committed various outrages. On the following day the mutineers marched in a body towards Princeton with six fieldpieces, avowing their intention to proceed to Philadelphia, to demand from Congress a redress of their grievances. General Wayne overtook them on their march, and obtained a formal statement of their claims, which were: That many soldiers had been detained beyond the term of their enlistment; that the arrearages of pay and the depreciation had not been made up; and that they were suffering every privation for want of money and clothes. The matter was referred to the President of the Council of Pennsylvania, Joseph Reed, who, in conjunction with a committee appointed by Congress, consisting of General Sullivan, Mr. Witherspoon, and Mr. Mathews, made a satisfactory agreement with the soldiers at Trenton, January 11. Two emissaries or spies sent among them with overtures from Sir Henry Clinton were given up, tried by a court-martial, and executed. The whole affair resulted in the disbanding of a large part of the Pennsylvania line for the winter, but it was recruited in the spring to its original complement.

THURSDAY, JANUARY 11.

At West Point: A council of war held at General Heath's quarters, to consider what measures were necessary to be adopted with respect to the Pennsylvania line.

"January 11th.-Accounts were received from the southward that the American army in that quarter were in a most miserable condition, on account of cloathing and provisions and that their sufferings were greater than those experienced by the main army."-Heath's Memoirs.